Good article in the NY Times about Hawaii and their strict regulations regarding reefs.
From the article:
The fines began two years ago to punish those who damage a resource critical to Hawaii’s fragile environment and tourism, the state’s No. 1 industry.
“People are going to have to be more careful out here, because if it keeps getting damaged, we’re going to lose it,” said Laura Thielen, chairwoman of the State Board of Land and Natural Resources, which decides how much to fine.
Hawaii is home to 84 percent of all coral under American jurisdiction. Coral reefs provide vital habitats for fish, help protect shoreline areas during storms and support a thriving snorkeling and scuba diving industry.